Análise temporal de parâmetros demográficos e biométricos da raça mangalarga

Abstract

It aimed to analyze demographic and biometric changes of the Mangalarga registered animals over the decades. Were used information from 206,428 Mangalarga equines, extracted from the Associação Brasileira dos Criadores de Cavalos da Raça Mangalarga pedigree database system. Among the animals born between 1930 and 2018, were considered the following information: gender, date of birth, coat coloring, birth location, zootechnical evaluation scores and three body measurements of the equines. Using measurements from height at withers, and thoracic and shin girth were calculated five morphometric indexes. The results were submitted to an analysis of variance, using a completely randomized design with subdivided plots, being the plots composed by gender and the subplots composed by decades of selection. Between 1930 and 2018 there was a progressive increase on the pedigree issuing, highlighting the 70´s and 80´s decades, when it registered the breed largest growth rate. In 2018 it was identified Mangalarga breeders in 23 Brazilians states, being the state of São Paulo the one with largest amount of registered Mangalargas, followed by Minas Gerais and Bahia. Between 1970 and 2018 growth of females, stallions and gelded male´s withers heights were observed, with an increase of 5,1 cm, 3,1 cm and 2,1 cm, respectively. While the thoracic girth of stallions increased 3,3 cm, the shin girth of females decreased 0,34 cm. It was concluded that the Mangalarga breed is distributed throughout Brazil, highlighting the southeast region. Regardless of gender, selection applied to the breed made the Mangalarga equines taller. Besides that, stallions became heavier and with larger thoracic girth and the females became hypometric.