O teu cabelo não nega : o negro no carnaval da cidade do Recife (1930-1939)

Abstract

This dissertation aims to identify the black presence in the carnivals of the city of Recife in the thirties of the twentieth century, considering their individual and collective participation in the party and carnival associations, as well as representations about the black in the universes of music, press, iconography and the literature related to the Carnival of the time. In addition, it develops more global reflections about the authoritarian state's interference in the various fields of foliage, on racism, on the multiple contributions of black populations and on the recifense phonographic scene at that time. From the point of view of social, political, cultural and economic transformations, the thirties was a unique moment for Brazilian society, Pernambuco and Recife. In this sense, we seek to investigate how the black population was inserted in this logic, especially in the Carnival, considering that at that time they had the worst social indicators of the city and they still suffered the effects of centuries of black enslavement. Valuing the presence of these characters as true creative agents, we intend to radiograph what would have been their real participation at that time of the longing carnivals. This study is divided in two parts: the first one articulates the presence and the black protagonism in the Reign of Momo, as much in the street party as in the associations and the musical experience recifense. The second part analyzes the representations of the Negro in the carnival of the city in the thirties, both in the press, in the cartoons, in the songs and also in two novels published at the time, namely O Moleque Ricardo and Seu Candinho da Farmácia, by José Lins do Rego and Mário Sette respectively.