Estudo etnobiológico sobre a preferência entre plantas e fármacos para o tratamento da dor em uma comunidade quilombola no semiárido brasileiro

Abstract

Pain is an emotional process arising from nociception, which is the physiological phenomenon. Pain is present in several diseases and has biopsychosocial consequences for the subject suffering from chronic or acute. The aim of this work was to use pain as a guideline to investigate the mechanism of preference in traditional knowledge in the midst of the intensification of the intermedicality process in the communities. It was hypothesized that the biological action of medicinal plants is used to select which plants will be part of the popular preference, and in contrast, the drugs may appear in the middle of this scenario both as referential for the symptomatology, as well as to guide the research in the physiological mechanisms that the pain acts. The community-preferred plant - Plectranthus ornatus (mauve seven pains) was selected after open interviews and a comparative ranking among the species cited. The same procedure was performed for the selection of the preferred drug for pain management - Ibuprofen. In the analysis of interview data, the Collective Subject Discourse (DSC) was used. The selected species underwent pharmacological tests, both in the model of abdominal contortions induced by acetic acid and in the nociception model induced by formalin. DFPO (Decoct of Leaves of Plectranthus ornatus) had a similar effect to pain control caused by inflammatory mediators and had its LD50 stipulated at a dose ≥ 2000 mg / kg. The qualitative phytochemical analysis and the determination of the total phenol content of the PFD were carried out. The numerical data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and compared by the Student-Newman-Keuls test, being accepted as significant differences values of p <0.05. The accomplishment of this research rescued and preserved the knowledge of the quilombola community of Sítio Arruda, composing the information bank about the debates about the pillars that sustain the preference for vegetal resources in the interaction of the man with the environment.