Utilização de análise multivariada para seleção de grupos divergentes em genótipos de mandioca

Abstract

The aim of the selection of genotypes of cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) to divergent groups of genotypes. 23 quantitative variables were used 28 genotypes, Amansa Burro, Aramaris, Bom Jardim, Bromadeira, Caipira, Caitité, Caravela, Kiriris, Lagoão, Lavra Velha, Malacacheta MR, Mulatinha, Parazinha, Peru, Poti Branca, Salangor, Sergipana, Sergipe, Sergipe MR, Simbé, Tapioqueira, Tussuma, Verdinha, 2006-4, 2006-5, 2006-8, 2006-10 e 2006-12. Through factor analysis reduced the number of variables to thirteen, heights of the plants, stem diameter, length of the tuberous roots, diameter of Tuberous roots, weight of the tuberous roots, harvest index, aboveground productivity, productivity of Tuberous roots, percentage of dry mass of Tuberous roots, , levels of starch in tuberous roots, productivity of starch in tuberous roots, content of flour in tuberous roots and productivity of flour in tuberous roots. Using the hierarchical cluster analysis, in which the best combination of hierarchical methods for this situation was the distance of Chebyshev with the connection method. The Group G2 formed with the genotypes Salangor, Tussuma, Bom jardim, Lavra velha and Sergipana presented in common, good flour content in tuberous roots despite the low productivity of Tuberous roots, little starch content and low productivity of the shoot. The G3 Group formed by genotypes Poti Branco, Caitite, Sergipe, Simbé, Amansa burro and Peru , closed as key features, diameter of Tuberous roots, the percentage of dry pasta in tuberous roots, the starch content in tuberous roots, the flour content in tuberous roots, the low values of stem diameter and length of the tuberous roots. The G4 group formed by 2006-5, has similar characteristics to the G3 Group, seen this genotype have been genetically modified at Embrapa. The G5 group, formed by Parazinha, Sergipe MR, Lagoão, Bromadeira, Caravela, Aramaris e Tapioqueira, high values for the diameter of the tuberous roots, tuberous root weight, harvest index, the percentage of dry pasta in tuberous roots, the content of starch in tuberous roots, and the flour content in tuberous roots and low values of diameter of stem, productivity of Tuberous roots and aboveground productivity. For the G6 group, formed with the genotypes 2006-8 and 2006-12 stands out the characteristics and crop productivity index of Tuberous roots, with low values for the diameter of the stem and the length of the tuberous roots. In the G7 group, composed of the 2006-4 and 2006-12 genotypes, satisfactory characteristics for harvest and productivity index of Tuberous roots, and productivity of Tuberous roots, and low values for plant height and productivity of the shoot. The latter group, the G8 formed by Kiriris, Malacacheta MR, Caipira and Verdinha the main feature of this group is the presence of all variables.