Avaliação de diferentes grupos genéticos de suínos criados ao ar livre no semiárido pernambucano

Abstract

Evaluate the effect of genetic group on the behavior and performance of pregnant sows raised outdoors in semi-arid northeast. Its 30 pregnant sows, divided into three genetic groups:three- cross animals ( large white x Landrace x Pietran ), ½ blood ( x duroc Pietran ) and animals without defined breed standard ( native ) were used production data were evaluated : gain weight during pregnancy, gain in backfat thickness, average litter weight at birth and piglet , average piglet weight and litter weaning, daily gain of piglets and litter, weight loss during lactation , and consumption food, as well as climate and physiological variables. The results showed that the behavior was no significant effect of genetic group for walking and leisure variables (sun, pool and shade). Regarding the behavior of ingesting water or food, as well as the physiological activities related to urination and defecation animals had a similar behavior regardless of breed. Behavioral patterns throughout the day with time spent consuming feed were influenced by hour throughout the day, as well as genetic groups. The amounts related to rectal temperature between treatments showed no significant difference for matrices. Increased levels of climatic thermoregulation interfere in animals, especially considering the wind velocity, which showed a negative correlation, indicating that as the temperature increased animal significantly increased their respiratory rate, decreasing with increasing wind speed, and this mechanism regulating the animal realized it was fundamental. Among the evaluated blood parameters, only cortisol and creatinine showed significant differences. The indexes showed significant difference. A three -cross matrices and crossbred Duroc x Pietran have less predisposition to fat accumulation compared to the group of native arrays. Concludes is that the genetically improved gilts when subjected to outdoor conditions in Pernambuco backcountry adapt well since preventive measures are taken to avoid and / or minimize stress, native animals tend to have a better performance when created with correct management.