Aspectos nutricionais em cordeiros : surto de ataxia enzoótica em cordeiros e resposta metabólica de cordeiros recebendo dietas com diferentes níveis de glicerina bruta

Abstract

The outbreak enzootic ataxia in lambs was recorded in the municipality of Garanhuns, rugged region of the state of Pernambuco, involving 18 sheep (17 females and one male). The animals were raised in extensive system without regular supply in mineral supplementation, grass fed Brachiaria sp. and pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) as well as water ad libitum. The sheep underwent clinical evaluation, laboratory and pathology. The clinical condition of the animals ranged from one week to 15 days, between the signs are noteworthy apathy, anorexia, weight loss, anemia, change in color of the wool, amaurosis, incoordination of the hind limbs, difficulty in locomotion with weakness of the hind limbs, position of "dog sitting", decreased sensory and motor responses, frequent falls and difficulty to stay in season and episodes of diarrhea. Serum values of Cu was (6.88 ± 4.31 mmol / L) below the reference range (9-15 mmol / L), the concentration of Mo (≤0,05 mmol / L), while the Fe was (44.02 ±28.51 mmol / L) and Zn was (16.13 ± 7.87 mmol / L), were within the normal range for the species. In the analysis of the relation between Fe, Zn and Cu of affected lambs enzootic ataxia, evidence was low negative correlation between the serum concentration of Fe with Cu (r = -0.19) and between serum Zn Cu (r = -0.07). Histopathology vacuolization were observed, the presence of axonal spheroids and myelin debris, which are engulfed by macrophages with foamy cytoplasm, together with mild demyelination of the white matter. The primary deficiency of Cu causes the occurrence of AE in South Agreste region of Pernambuco state, since the deficiency was due to inadequate intake of this trace element in the diet and not by the action of antagonists such as Fe, Zn and Mo. In addition, the lack of Cu in sheep raised in the wild region of Pernambuco is important issue to be considered in mineral nutrition and should be recommended proper supplementation of Cu. Objective was to evaluate the effects of crude glycerin inclusion containing 80.5% glycerol on the blood parameters of lambs in confinement. They were used 39 crossbred lambs without breed standard set, uncastrated male with four months of age and initial body weight of 21 kg ± 0.8 kg, distributed in randomized blocks with four treatments and ten repetitions with inclusion levels 0, 6, 12 and 18% crude glycerine in dry matter (DM) of the diet. Blood samples were taken for analysis of different biomarkers in the penultimate day of the experiment. significant effects of the inclusion of crude glycerin in place of corn in lambs diet for the different biomarkers of protein profile, mineral and enzyme activity were not registered. When the energy profile, it identified significant effect only for the plasma glucose concentration (p = 0.0003). In regression analysis of plasma glucose concentration lambs, depending on the level of consuming crude glycerine associated with urea replacing corn, it was found that the higher the inclusion of crude glycerin in the diet, increased blood glucose levels (r = 0 , 92, p <.0001). The increasing amount of crude glycerin in the diet of lambs growing replacing corn has gliconeogênico character, and that does not cause metabolic changes of parameters related to energy profile, protein, mineral and enzyme activity. The crude glycerin can be provided up to 18% for maintaining the fuel efficiency and promote good metabolic response.