Estudo químico, atividade antinociceptiva, antifúngica e potencial antioxidante da geoprópolis produzida pela jandaíra (Melipona subnitida Ducke)

Abstract

Melipona subnitida, popularly known as jandaira, is a native, social and stingless bee, producer of honey, pollen and geopropolis. Propolis is a mixture of vegetable resins, salivary secretions, wax, pollen grains and ground. In this work eight propolis samples from jandaira collected in the backlands of Paraiba, Brazil were analyzed, revealing the presence of 22 different pollen types, among which, Myrcia, Mimosa, Parapiptadenia, Poincianella and Senna, which are present in almost all samples with pollen grain frequency between 3,3 to 50,0%. The quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds were characterized with values ranging from 92,56 to 201,62 mg GAE/g for EtOH extracts from 157,43 to 320,48 mg GAE/g for fractions AcOEt and 128,63 to 322,40 mg GAE/g for phenolic fractions. The ethanol extracts and phenolic fractions were also tested for antinociceptive activity, showing inhibition in writhing induced by acetic acid in mouse ranging from 96,9% to 100% for the extracts and 71,4% and 93,5% for phenolic fractions. Also, they have the ability to protect the DNA plasmid, with antioxidant potential against the DPPH, ABTS and β-carotene/linoleic acid system and showed antifungal activity against strains of yeasts and dermatophytes. The EtOH extracts exhibited a condensed tannin content ranging from 92,56 to 201,62 mg CE/g sample. Phenolic fractions were analyzed by HPLC-PDA-QTOF-MS and MS/MS in negative mode (ESI-) showing 66 peaks, and 36 peaks were identified mainly as phenyl propanoides, flavonoids and tannins. The major compounds were derivatives of galloyl cinnamoyl/coumaroyl glucopyranoside. The antinociceptive activity, antifungal and protection of plasmid DNA of the geopropolis from Melipona subnitida, as long as we know, was never described before in the literature.