Programa Nacional de Produção e uso do Biodiesel e a inserção da agricultura familiar no Polo Agreste Pesqueira de Biodiesel em Pernambuco

Abstract

The general objective that guides this scientific research is to examine to what extent the National Program of Biodiesel Production and Use (PNPB) influences the insertion of family agriculture in the geographic area under study: the Agreste Fishing Pole of biodiesel, State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The focus of the study consists in questioning the inherent lack of inputs for biodiesel production in the Agreste Fishing Pole of biodiesel in Pernambuco state, and even the low level of organization of family farmers inserted in PNPB and the need to develop production standards of technical quality and financial and environmental best practices. The National Program of Biodiesel Production and Use (PNPB) is supported by actions focused on the inclusion of small farmers in the production process of biodiesel to achieve new opportunities of employment and to raise income to the farmer. It can be noticed in the study, the existing situation in the surroundings of the farms included in the Agreste Fishing Pole of biodiesel and the effectiveness of public policies aimed at maintaining production and generation of extra income for producers of castor oil, who joined the National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel. In this work it was selected a qualitative research methodology, using scripts interviews, applied to actors working in the local development process of the Agreste Fishing Pole of Biodiesel. There were interviewed 34 farmers and eight agents representing institutions related to public policy actions, the selection of subjects in this study was performed by criteria of convenience. At most, it was used the description of the family farm, from the point of view of Silva, et al (2008). With the support and use the content analysis it was found that the National Program of Biodiesel Production and Use is actually entering the family farm in the biodiesel production chain in Agreste Fishing pole of Biodiesel. The yield of castor seed oil is increasing in the region due to the efforts of actors to pass on technology and the development of appropriate management agriculture. In fact, the connection of the family farmers to the entity of class and its effective participation in decisions and inherent institutional PNPB actions show that currently, the level of organization of producers of castor oil is growing within the time. In fact it was seen that the previous farmers' participation in the meetings were seasonal and little return was raised, because of ideological differences. It was observed that institutional actions are taking effect on building more productive organization looking for a better biodiesel productive organization. It is concluded that there is still a lack of a major political effort form the Program to get to a real inclusion of family farming, both social and economically. In summary, the National Program of Biodiesel Production and Use has its frustration and successful areas.