http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4306 2025-09-26T09:30:11Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8817 Título: Avaliação do diagnóstico citológico da infecção por Leishmania infantum e detecção molecular da co-infecção de hemoparasitos em cães Autor: SILVA, Winny Gomes de Oliveira Primeiro orientador: ALVES, Leucio Câmara Abstract: The diagnosis of infection by Leishmania infantum remains a challenge in the medical clinic of small animals, as a detection of coinfection with other pathogens. Thus, the work aimed to evaluate the cytological diagnosis of infection by Leishmania infantile and to detect a co-infection of hemoparasites in dogs with natural infection by L. infantile. For this, bone marrow, lymph node, skin and swabe set of 29 animals of different race, sex and age with positive serological diagnosis for L. infantum for evaluation of the best biological sample for clinical diagnosis, and blood samples from 72 animals of different race, sex and age with positive serological diagnosis for co-infection research. The results showed that lymph node cytology shows 61.1% (22/29) of positivity for amastigest forms of L. infantum, followed by exfoliative skin cytology with 47.2% (17/29) and, finally, swabe conjunctival with 33.3% (12/29). The animals analyzed in the direct search for hematozoa only 1.39% (1/72) were positive, for Hepatozoon canis. The PCR reaction was observed to amplify the DNA of H. canis in 8.33% (6/72) and B. vogeli DNA detected in 2.78% (2/72). There was no co-infection between hemoparasitosis in the direct and molecular diagnosis. It concluded that the absence of spinal biopsy, a lymph node cytology is a better sample for diagnosis of CVL in the clinical routine, and that there is the presence of co-infection between Babesia vogeli, Hepatozoon canis and Leishmania infantum in Pernambuco. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-02-19T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8816 Título: Estudo do perfil de genes de reparo do DNA em pacientes com a doença de Parkinson Autor: CÂNDIDO, Samantha Amorim Primeiro orientador: SOUZA, Paulo Roberto Eleutério de Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder among an elderly population, it has no cure and gold therapy for motor symptoms of the disease is levodopa (L-DOPA). In the long term, L-DOPA can lead to adverse symptoms, such as motor fluctuation, dyskinesia and visual hallucinations. And studies show a possible association between oxidative stress (OE) and L-DOPA therapy. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is responsible for controlling the damage caused by OE, the APE1 and XRCC1 proteins being fundamental in this process. Variations in the genes that encode these proteins can affect the efficiency of the repair, making the brain susceptible to damage caused by OE. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the presence of polymorphisms in the Asp148Glu and Arg399Gln genes of the APE1 and XRCC1 genes, respectively, with the appearance of motor fluctuation, dyskinesia and visual hallucinations with response of the pharmacological response to L-DOPA, in PD patients. 110 patients were obtained from L-DOPA therapy over a period of 5 years. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the daily dosage of L-DOPA, group I taking ≤ 600mg / day and group II taking> 600mg / day. The Asp148Glu and Arg399Gln polymorphisms of the APE1 and XRCC1 genes were performed using the qPCR and PCR-RFLP technique, respectively. The analysis of logistic regression association with longer duration of therapy with L-DOPA (PR 1.1; CI -1.1-1.19; p = 0.001), appearance of motor fluctuation (PR 1.7; CI 1.3-2 , 2; p = 0.001) and the presence of the polymorphic genotype AA of the XRCC1 gene (PR 1.54; CI 1.04-2.27; p = 0.028). In addition to the presence of the GA genotype for the XRCC1 gene providing protection in patients treated with high doses of L-DOPA (PR 0.7; CI 0.5-0.9; p = 0.022). Our data occurred that this variation in the XRCC1 gene can influence the pharmacological response of L-DOPA in patients with PD, whereas the variation in the APE1 gene does not seem to influence the treatment. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-08-24T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8815 Título: Soroepidemiologia da infecção por Toxoplasma gondii e Leptospira spp. em humanos no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brasil Autor: CARVALHO, Maria da Conceição Primeiro orientador: MOTA, Rinaldo Aparecido Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and Leptospira spp. in humans and identify risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, Pernambuco, Brazil. For detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Leptospira antibodies, indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and Microscopic agglutination test (MAT), were used respectively. The risk factors were identified through the application of an epidemiological questionnaire and variables were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression. The seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G anti-T. gondii antibodies was 50.4%. Factors associated with infection: consumption of well water or rainwater (odds ratio [OR]: 2.43, p=0.020) and consumption of game meat (OR: 1.80, p=0.026). The prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies was 1.17% (4/341), and the serovars identified were: Icterohaemorrhagiae, Javanica, Mini and Louisiana. This is the first study that addresses these infections in humans in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. The results of this study indicate the urgent need for intervention by local, health authorities with integrated and strategic measures in the prevention and control of these diseases. In addition, it is important aware the residents of the Island of Fernando de Noronha about of the transmission routes of Toxoplasma gondii and Leptospira spp. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese 2020-02-20T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8814 Título: Autoecologia de Gymnodactylus geckoides Spix, 1825 (Squamata, Phyllodactylidae) em fragmento de caatinga, nordeste do Brasil Autor: OITAVEN, Leonardo Pessoa Cabus Primeiro orientador: MOURA, Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de Abstract: Autoecology and the study of the most varied aspects are of fundamental importance for understanding the natural history and ecology of the species. In addition, such aspects contribute to strategies for environmental and species management and conservation. Therefore, considering that data in the literature on populations of Gymnodactulus geckoides, in the state of Pernambuco remain poorly, or not studied, the present work had as objective an analysis of autoecological aspects, approaching new techniques and perspectives (Variations of periods of drought and rain) never previously used, for analyzes of trophic ecology, microenvironmental specificity , reproductive biology and parasitology, in a population of this lizard species, in the Caatinga area, in the state of Pernambuco. In total, 203 individuals were analysed, according to ingested food, gonadal and body conditions, as well as microhabitat and parasites, 68 females, 98 males and 31 juveniles, plus 6 sighted but not captured animals. As previously discussed, our trophic ecology data also allow us to classifyG. geckoides as a generalist, but the present study presents variations according to the availability of the environment, varying the number and volume of ingested prey. Smaller prey tend to be ingested in greater quantities during the dry season, while larger prey are ingested in smaller quantities during periods of rain. The microhabitat also varies according to the environment, indicating a preference for native vegetation, when present. The parasite-host relationship revealed low diversity of parasites, with a strong relationship between helminths and morphology and seasonality being recorded. Variations were found according to ingested prey, body size and seasonal variations, considering the levels of infection. Finally the factors of energy reserves, as well as modification of reproductive cells, indicate that this species presents continuous and acyclic reproduction, being highly correlated to the rainy season, in which a higher frequency of females carrying eggs in the oviduct and ovaries in the vitellogenic stage could be found. Therefore, energy reserves are used to a greater extent by this group due to pregnancy and ovarian maturation. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese 2022-02-14T00:00:00Z