Efeito da corticoterapia e estrógeno sobre tecido ósseo, renal e hepático em ratas albinas

Abstract

Corticosteroids have been increasingly used as a therapeutic alternative without treatment of several pathologies due to the potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of corticosteroids. However, its use has diverged opinions due to undesirable side effects to treatment. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of estrogen administration associated with corticotherapy by analyzing the hepatic, renal and bone tissue, in order to identify a treatment strategy with less side effect. For this, there were 35 albino rats, with 90 days of age, divided into the following groups: I - rats that received placebo; II - rats submitted to corticosteroid therapy for 45 days; III - rats submitted to corticotherapy for 45 days and treated simultaneously with 0.2 mg / kg Sodium Alendronate intragastric; IV - rats submitted to corticotherapy for 45 days and treated simultaneously with estrogen 50mg / kg subcutaneously; V - rats submitted to corticotherapy for 45 days added estrogen in the last 15 days. A corticosteroid to be induced by means of injections of 2mg / mL of Decadron®, intramuscularly. Histopathological changes were only visualized without liver of rats submitted to corticosteroid therapy for 45 days, characterized by the presence of multifocal nodules without hepatic parenchyma, diffuse cellular vacuolization and sinusoid congestion. The kidney was histopathologically undetermined, but showed a decrease in the glomerular area, Bowman's capsule area, glomerular volume, and Bowman's capsule volume by morphometric analysis. In the lost femur of the microarquitetura bone, noticed by the diminution of the connectivity between like trabéculas. In the histochemical analysis revealed positive calcium marking near the epiphyseal disc in all as rats of the experimental groups. At the end of treatment (45th day) the permanently upgraded biochemical parameters were continuously increased only in the rats of group II with the exception of HDL that remained reduced throughout the experimental period. The marks for IL-6 and TNF-α were more intense in the rats of group II without liver and kidneys, not differing without femur. The apoptotic index did not show the difference in the liver and femur of the rats of the experimental groups. However, the rat kidney of group III showed higher marking for the TUNEL test. With this, it is concluded that estrogen acts not only in a protective way against the action of corticosteroids, but also reverses the hepatic, renal and bone damages transmitted by the histopathological, biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis.