Análise do perfil dos profissionais de saúde e percepção sobre saúde única e esporotricose humana no município de Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brasil

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the profile of health professionals and their perception of One Health and human sporotrichosis in the municipality of Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil. A descriptive study was carried out using a structured and standardized, self-administered, and anonymous questionnaire about One Health and Sporotrichosis addressed to Primary Health Care professionals. Among the 485 health professionals registered in the study area, 75.0% participated (n=364), being 9,9% (36/364) nurses: 20,9% endemic disease control agents (76/364); 64,8% (236/364) community health workers and 4,4% (16/364) doctors. Among the participants, 79.1% (288/364) were linked to Primary Care, and 20.9% (76/364) to Health Surveillance, 69,5% (253/364) were female and 68,6% (250/364) were employed by public examination, even though 100.0% of doctors and nurses were hired by managers without a public examination. The proportion test showed a statistically significant difference between the 55.5% (20/39) nurses and 61.8% (47/76) ACEs who said they had heard of One Health, as well as 97.2% (35/36) of the nurses, 81,2% (13/16) of the doctors; 58,9% (139/236) of the ACs and 92,1% (70/76) of the ACEs who considered One health actions to be important in solving health problems in which human-animal-environment interaction is a key factor. The sporotrichosis was considered a zoonosis by 37,0% (135/364) of the interviewed professionals; and 14,5% (53/364) said it was mandatory notification. On the transmission of the disease, 45,0% (164/364) associated it with the cat and 42,0% (153/364) with its scratching and/or biting. Regarding to its control through sanitary measures, 37,6% (137/364) associated it with the vaccination and deworming of dogs and cats and 51.0% (186/364) said they were unaware of any measures, among them 22,2% (8/36) nurses and 43,8% (7/16) doctors. The results showed that the majority of health professionals in the Health Care Network are unaware of the concept of one health and sporotrichosis as a compulsorily notifiable disease in the state of Pernambuco, it is therefore suggested that local health managers take permanent health education actions to improve the quality of human, animal, and environmental health, for the effective control of this growing zoonosis.