Influência da restrição de uso da vegetação sobre os comportamentos de preferência por plantas usadas como lenha em comunidades locais no Nordeste do Brasil

Abstract

Human groups select useful plants over time and their selection behavior can change over time, either due to natural events or anthropic disturbances, which can affect the abundance rates of useful species. But little is known about how these behaviors may be being shaped by contexts of monitoring the use of forest resources, since the retention process forces human groups to devise new selection strategies, which can lead to considerable changes in the dynamics of the systems. local socioecology. Thus, this work intends to investigate how the preference behaviors for plants used as firewood change over time, to the detriment of use restrictions. To obtain these data, semi-structured interviews were carried out in the communities, with questions referring to the preferred behavior of wood resources and preferred species over time. Data were analyzed through a GLMM with binomial value, to determine the degree of probability of variation of preference behaviors over time cuts and landscape types. The results demonstrate that the behavior of preference for plants used as firewood for cooking food in the unrestricted use landscape showed a significant degree of variation over the years, with mostly generalist preference behaviors in the past (P > 0.4675), that is, the preference for plants for use in the form of firewood was aimed at a group of species that presented favorable environmental and ecological characteristics to the detriment of another group of species. can be explained by the redundant character that the use of forest resources in the form of firewood presents, in addition to the temporal history of use and extraction of wood resources, above all with the situation of economic vulnerability that the community had in the past, favoring an extraction in a way ungoverned, causing a significant decrease in the abundance of species and favoring experimenting with resources and observing the intrinsic characteristics of the species for other local demands, favoring a change in preference behavior. The informants from the restricted-use landscape, in the past, presented an expert behavior (P > 0.2074) and in the present, due to the prohibitive context imposed by the implementation of the RBPT, the community was forced to build new use strategies, making the selection behaviors be modified for generalist preference behaviors (P > 0.6489 ), such results can be explained by the history of use of the landscape, since the landscape had a history of common use and a high commercialization of native firewood for bakeries and other industrial sectors, facilitating the extraction of species with intrinsic qualities for a given demand. With the use ban process, the human community changed its use and selection strategies, with the insertion of Jurema – Mimosa sp an effective solution to meet the community's demand, even though it is a species without many chemical and physical characteristics perceived as better quality.