Produtividade, qualidade e caracterização nutricional do solo de variedades de uvas viníferas cultivadas no agreste meridional de Pernambuco

Abstract

The cultivation of grapes turning to wine production brings a great value in several traditional regions around the world. In on hand, the cultivation of grapes in Brazil is more typical in regions with milder climate and also historical value in the winery production. In the other hand, the Northeast region of Brazil stands out more and more in the production and marketing of wines, especially in the semi-arid region of the São Francisco River Valley. With this, there is a significant increase in the areas of cultivation and productivity of the same, conditioning a demand for new areas of cultivation. The objective of this thesis was following the different phases of the grape for wine production in a non - traditional wine region in the Northeast of Brazil, the agronomic parameters and the final quality of the grape. Ten varieties of vines were studied for the elaboration of fine wines, three of them for the elaboration of white wines - Suavignon Blanc, Chardonnay e Muscat Petit Grain and seven for red wine - Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, Petit Verdot, Merlot, Malbec, Viognier e Syrah. In the production, Merlot Noir (13.5 t ha-1) and Muscat Petit Grain (9.5 t ha-1) were evaluated in the phenotype evaluation of Muscat Petit Grain varieties (120 days) as precocious and Merlot Noir varieties and Cabernet Sauvigon (144 days) as the latest. For the thermal requirements the Pinot Noir and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties both with requirements of 1,077.28 GD for complete development. The physical and chemical characteristics of the bunches were also evaluated. Based on the results of the research, the Muscat Petit Grain, Petit Verdot, Malbec and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties presented good productivity characteristics that could increase the producer's yield in winemaking and physico-chemical characteristics that will directly influence the final quality of the wine, such as pH and acidity. Indicating good adaptation and potential for the region and the Syrah variety presented higher soil MBC value (313.5 mg dm-3).