Adubação mineral e orgânica associada a inoculação na produção e qualidade nutricional do feijão macassar (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)

Abstract

Macassar bean or cowpea is a very cultivated legume, mainly in the Northeast of Brazil, in its cultivation, it is generally used mineral fertilizers of high solubility that has caused numerous environmental impacts, public health problems, besides the increase of the cost of production due to the high price of inputs. In this way, new cultivation practices have appeared in order to mitigate these problems. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the productive and nutritional aspects of macassar bean cultivar IPA-207, managed with the use of organic and mineral fertilizers associated with inoculation. The experiment was conducted on the field in the municipality of Garanhuns-PE. The biofertilizer, milk residue and inoculant constituted the organic fertilization, and the use of NPK the mineral fertilization. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, with nine treatments and three replicates: mineral (M); milk residue + inoculant + biofertilizer (RIB); biofertilizer (B); milk residue (R); milk residue + inoculant (IR); inoculant (I); biofertilizer + inoculant (BI); milk residue + biofertilizer (RB) and absolute control (AB). The variables analyzed were: grain filling rate (TEG), grain yield (RG), pod length (CV), number of pods per plant (NVP), number of grains per pod (NGV), dry biomass ), weight of 100 grains (P100), productivity (PRODT), ethereal extract (EE%), ash (CINZ), carbohydrates (CARB) and energetic value (VE), crude protein and nitrogen in grains and leaves NG, NF). Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means of treatments compared by the Dunnett test at 5% probability. The software used for the statistical analysis was Saeg 9.1. The average number of pods per plant, dry biomass and productivity were higher in the plants using mineral fertilization. The number of days for grain filling rate was statistically lower in the treatments under the influence of biofertilizer, inoculant and the association of milk residue with more biofertilizer. The nutritional characteristics were not influenced by the treatments.