Alterações nos padrões do ECoG de ratos induzidos ao diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is currently the disease with the highest mortality rate in the world. The number of patients increases each year, due to the population lifestyle in differents countries, being sedentary lifestyle and poor quality food the main factors that contribute to this increase. DM type 2 (DM2) is a disease in which the patient produces insulin insufficiently or has insulin resistance, which is characterized by the non-uptake of glucose by the cells. Its diagnosis is usually late and sometimes stems from the complications of diabetes itself. The literature presents several studies that seek to verify the involvement of DM2 in brain activity and, consequently, on the cognitive processes, both in humans and other species. However, there is no work in the literature that directly analyzes the influence of glucose oscillations, common to DM patients, on cortical electrical activity. In the present work, we sought to verify the DM2 effects, in an experimental model, on the cortical electric activity parameters of male adult rats. The electrocorticogram (ECoG) of the animals was used to record the brain electrical activity. The analysis of this electrophysiological signal was performed by the power spectrum, detrended flutuation analysis (DFA) and fractal dimension of the reconstructed phase space. Ten male Wistar rats of 60 days were subdivided into two experimental groups: one control group (CG) and another group DM2 induced (GD2) through streptozotocin. The mathematical methods proposed of DFA and Fractal Analysis were sensitive to detect changes in the behavior of the animals electrocorticographic patterns in experimental groups caused by diabetes only when applied in specifics spectrum regions, but when applied to total ECoG no significant changes were observed.