Efeito da sazonalidade sobre o perfil metabólico de vacas Girolandas durante o pré e pós parto

Abstract

The objective was to study the effect of seasonality on the energy profile, protein, hormone and mineral Girolanda cows during the last two months of pregnancy to the first two months of lactation in a property located in the municipality of Garanhuns, in the Agreste Pernambuco region. Therefore, we used 39 females, divided into groups by comparing the seasonal influence of the rainy season and dry and the metabolic profile among otherwise healthy and sick cows. The experiment took place from collections made in the period 60 days before delivery (60DBD) 40DBD, 20DBD, 10DBD, parturition day, and 10 days postpartum (10DPP), 20DPP, 40DPP, 60DPP. Metabolites were analyzed hormone (insulin and cortisol), energy (glucose, fructosamine, NEFA and β-hydroxybutyrate), protein (total protein, albumin, globulin and urea) and minerals (CaT, P, Mg, K, Na and Cl). The variables studied were interpreted by analysis of variance at 5% probability. The behavior of the hormones insulin and cortisol were similar, observing the highest values on the day of delivery, however, the dry season showed lower values. Analyzing the energy profile, it was through low fructosamine values and glucose, in addition to high concentrations of NEFA and β-hydroxybutyrate increased energy mobilization in the dry season and in the group of animals sick during childbirth. The protein profile revealed by the total protein time effect, whose lowest values were recorded on the day of delivery, albumin concentrations were lower in the dry season, and globulins showed up high in the group of cows had health disorders. With regard to minerals the total calcium, magnesium and chlorine showed lower levels from the initial period of the collections in the sick group of animals and after parturition, it was found lower concentrations in the group of the rainy season, due to higher milk production, which reflected in greater demand for these minerals. Seasonality is an important risk factor for dairy cows, especially those of higher production in the dry season, in Pernambuco Agreste region has lower availability of quality forage. Thus the process of physiological adaptation of the animals, especially during the transition period, is compromised, favoring the occurrence of metabolic disorders.