Determinação voltamétrica de ácido tartárico / íon tartarato por oxidação eletrocatalítica em eletrodo de pasta de carbono modificado com ftalocianina de cobalto (II)

Abstract

Tartaric acid (TA) belongs to an important group of organic acids of low molecular weight. TA salts are employed in the pharmaceutical industry as an excipient or as a component of the active principle of various drugs, among them the Metoprolol Tartrate (MT).This compound shows relatively high solubility in water, provided by the presence of tartrate as a counter-ion. Several analytical methods can be found in the literature for MT, some of them utilizes direct determination of metoprolol, while others are based on indirect determination. Limitations of their methodologies demand the development of new analytical methods. The TA is not electroactive in conventional electrodes, however this work identified its electrocatalytic oxidation in a carbon paste electrode modified with cobalt-phthalocyanine (CoPC-CPE). The electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode was investigated by square wave voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry. The former showed well suitable for analytical applications. An analytical method, applicable to indirect determination of metoprolol in the MT and similar medicines was developed. Studies have shown that high sensitivity and peak potential is pH-dependent, and can attain a noptimum response in acetate buffer 0.05 mol L-1, pH 4.5. The absence of memory effect combined with the easy electrode preparation, led to the development of a highly sensitive and reliable method for TA. All measurements were performed in triplicate and showed a linear response in the range of15 to100 μmol L-1 (r = 0,9992). The method presents a limit of detection of 4.8μmol L-1 (3σ) and a limit of quantitation of 15.9 μmol L-1 for determination in real samples.