Aplicação do marcador molecular RAPD para análise de variabilidade genética em mudas de Heliconia bihai oriundas de cultivo de embrião e de propagação vegetativa

Abstract

The international market of the floriculture is presented in constant growth. In Brazil the branch of the floriculture grows to each year. One of the impediments of this expansion is the commercialization of dumb with illnesses. The embryo culture makes possible the production of free vegetal parts of illnesses, with plantations more uniforms and bigger precocity. The objective of this work was to analyze the genetic variability of changes of Heliconia bihai proceeding from culture embryos (CE) compared with the changes of vegetative propagation (PV), using the molecular marker of type RAPD. The DNA was extracted of 19 different individuals, having been ten proceeding ones from vegetative propagation and nine of embryo culture. These had been analyzed and amplified with six oligonucleotídeos of RAPD. The oligonucleotídeos of RAPD, used had demonstrated efficient in the study of the variability in H. bihai, therefore they had amplified with effectiveness and they had detected polymorphism sufficiently. The dendrograma showed that it had the formation of two groups, being in the one of this separation of two sub-groups for the type of propagation. The groupings had revealed sufficiently next when the coefficients of genetic similarity are considered. The data generated by means of RAPD had vegetative demonstrated one high similarity of the materials propagated for culture of embryo with the propagated individuals (81%), not making impracticable the propagation for culture of embryos in vitro. Our results suggest that for study of genetic variability in H. bihai, data generated through technique RAPD had been sufficiently satisfactory. The coefficient of this genetic variation is essential for the development of strategies of propagation in commercial scale of the studied vegetal material.