Estudo clínico-epidemiológico da urolitíase obstrutiva em caprinos e ovinos

Abstract

The present work aimed to conduct a study of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data of 62 sheep and goats from 2001 up to 2011. During this period, it was found that the disease was predominant in sheep with 83.7% of the animals, while for the caprine, it occurred in 16.3%. The most predominant races in sheep were the Santa Ines, in ovine with 71.7% and SRD, in caprine, with 33.33%. There was a predominance in animals less than three years old. In both species, the highest occurrence was found in the dry season with 67.9%. Most animals (75.8%) were kept under intensive farming, with a diet based on concentrate and forage (88.7%) and 85.5% received mineral supplementation. The predominant clinical signs were apathy, pain, dehydration, conjunctive hyperemic mucosa, tachycardia, tachypnea, anorexia, dysuria and anuria. The mortality rate was very high with 40.3% of the animals dying and 16.1% being sacrificed. In the haemogram, leukocytosis was observed with regenerative deviation to the left in goats, and hyperfibrinogenemia. In serum biochemistry, increased urea and creatinine was found which led the animals to a perspective of azotenia and increase of GGT and CK enzymes. The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, were beyond the normal patterns for the species with low Ca and high P and Mg levels. The findings of urinalysis revealed hematuria in 72.2% of animals with acid pH of urine (44.4%) as well as alkaline (55.56%). In the sedimentoscopy, erythrocytes predominated in 66.6% of the samples, epithelial cells in 66.6% of the samples and crystals of various compositions. Regarding the composition of urolites, it was found that 62.5% was oxalate, 8.32% phosphate and 8.33% penicillin. In the conclusion of this study, it was observed that the obstructive urolithiasis is a disease of poor prognosis and can lead to loss of valuable livestock animals, and therefore, serious losses in production.