Erosão laminar, atributos físico-químicos do solo e estrutura trófica da nematofauna em áreas do Reservatório da Usina Hidrelétrica Luiz Gonzaga

Abstract

Naturally occurring erosion or in association with anthrop action (mainly) is a serious environmental problem, particularly in reservoir, because environmental degradation generate by erosive process is a risk for water availability, electric power generation, water supply and navigation. The present study aimed to characterize and correlate physical and chemical attributes of soils in different stages of laminar erosion at sites around Luiz Gonzaga hydroelectric power station, in Pernambuco State, and evaluate relationships between nematode communities and physic-chemical soil attributes. In general, the sites were constituted by sandy soils. Sites with erosive process in initial stage presented deeper A and C horizons, lower soil acidity and the highest number of correlations between physical and chemical variables, pointing out the amount of C correlation with both Ca and Mg, and the H correlation with both C and organic matter. In contrast, a low number of correlations occurred in sites inintermediate erosive process, pointing out the loan and Al correlation. Sites in severe process presented high amount of Na, mainly in the Luvissolo Crômico Órtico soil, high amount of organic matter and high number of correlations, pointing out the correlation of Na and H with C, N, and organic matter amounts. Sites in initial erosive processes showed higher density of bacteria feeding nematodes (Rhabditidae e Cephalobidae) with relative abundance of 36.83%, especially Cephalobidae (26.82%). The omnivores, particularly Dorilaymidae, were more abundant in intermediary and severe process, 39.87% and 48.17%, respectively. In areas with intermediary processes there were weak correlations between nematodes and soil attributes. In contrast, sites in initial and severe process showed stronger correlations, pointing out natural argyle with Helicotylenchusdensity in initial process, and aluminum saturation with Mononchidae, Aphelenchidae and Trichodorus density in severe process.