Estudo clínico-laboratorial e dos principais fatores de riscos em vacas com distocias

Abstract

The occurrence of dystocia represents a major obstacle in livestock, increasing costs and some risks to the mother. The aim was perform a study of retrospective clinical and epidemiological findings in cows with dystocias assisted in the clinical routine at the Garanhuns Bovine Clinic, Campus- Garanhuns (CBG) from the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), which were retrieved information from clinical records of cows (n= 837), with dystocia (maternal and/or fetal), between the period from 2000 to 2010. Analysis of cortisol, creatine kinase (CK), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and minerals: calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, in 189 samples taken at time of delivery in cows in the condition of dystocia and normal labor were performed. These animals were divided into groups: maternal dystocia (n = 79), fetal dystocia (n = 82), maternal-fetal dystocia (n = 15) and normal vaginal delivery (n = 13). Statistical analysis was performed descriptively determining the frequency distributions of the variables associated to different dystocia situations. This disease accounted for 17.5% (837/4782) of the sample from cattle treated at CBG /UFRPE. Previous manipulation in the properties by unqualified people occurred in 86.5% of cases, 60% of these products came to obit, as well as 15% of cows handled. Hormonal analysis, biochemical and mineral, groups with maternal dystocia, fetal, maternal/fetal and normal labor, were found, respectively, higher average levels of cortisol (188.85ng/mL; 279.90ng/mL; 204.09ng/mL and 149ng/mL), creatine kinase (1012.11mg/dL; 928mg/dL; 992.42mg/dLand 631mg/dL)and NEFA (0 , 95mmol/L; 0.85mml/L; 0.90mmol/L and 1.06mmol/L) in all groups, in addition to a subclinical hypocalcemia in cows with dystocia (6.89mg/gL; 7.9 mg/gL, 7.46 mg/L and 8.38mg/L) highlighting the mother who presented 30% lower dystocia values compared to lower limit of normality. With this study we can emphasize the importance of adequate food supplementation to meet their particular requirements in this troubled period of transition.