Avaliação de feridas cutâneas em ratos tratadas com creme à base de extrato de ameixa-do-mato (Ximenia americana) a 10%

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the healing activity, herbal profile and the acute toxicity of American Ximenia. 60 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus), males, with an average body weight 270 g and 60 days old. the animals were divided into 03 groups of 20 animals each (GTX - animals with wounds treated with cream containing Ximenia americana at 10%; GP - animals with wounds treated with cream base;. GC- animals with untreated wounds) subdivided into 4 groups of 5 animals corresponding to the healing time 4, 7, 14 and 21 days in each animal were two surgical wounds (right and left antimere) leaving exposed the adjacent fascia. the wounds were measured in the degree of contraction and evaluated morphological and histomorphometric on the number of fibroblasts, blood vessels, collagen fibers and mast cells. For the acute study, 5 mice were selected Swiss albino, male, average body weight of 45 g and 60 days of age. Doses of 300 mg / kg 2000 mg / kg ethanol extract of the plant intraperitoneally. Acute toxicity was evaluated from the effects on the central and peripheral nervous system with estimated LD50. The phytochemical profile analysis was done by Thin Layer Chromatography. The degree of contraction of the wounds was significantly higher in the treated group when compared with standard and control groups (p <0.05). The GTX group had higher concentrations of fibroblasts, blood vessels in the 4th and 7th postoperative day and collagen fibers (all time) and reducing the number of mast cells when compared with the other groups (p <0.05). The hydroalcoholic extract showed no lethality in toxicity testing. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. The American Ximenia cream 10% did not increase the number of mast cells during wound healing, but proved to be efficient in the contraction of skin wounds in mice, angiogenesis and fibroplasia, promoting healing. These findings may be related to the presence of chemical constituents, tannins and flavonoids, which makes this plant a potential source of material for the production of herbal medicines.