http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4363 2025-09-22T18:00:06Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9122 Título: Inferência exploratória do comportamento de suínos em ambiente climatizado Autor: SILVA, Weslley Amaro da Primeiro orientador: PANDORFI, Héliton Abstract: The Brazilian swine industry suffers numerous economic losses related to heat stress, and it is necessary to seek adequate solutions and mechanisms to control the production environment. The objective of this research was to carry out image monitoring and infer exploratory analysis of abiotic factors, physiological responses and behavioral indicators of swine in the growing and finishing phase, submitted to supplementary lighting programs in air-conditioned environments. The data used in this study came from an experiment carried out at the Experimental Animal Facility with Swine of the Serra Talhada Academic Unit (BES-UAST/UFRPE), located in the Sertão of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Twenty-seven swine (males and females) in the growing phase, of commercial lineage 3/4 Duroc and 1/4 Pietrain, mated by male Duroc (Pure of Origin) were used. The experiment was carried out from August to November 2018, totaling 66 days. The animals were submitted to pens without air conditioning (BS), pens with forced ventilation (BV) and pens equipped with an adiabatic evaporative cooling system (BR), associated with different light supplementation programs: 12 h of natural light (L12), L12 + 4 h of artificial light (L16) and L12 + 6 h of artificial light (L18). The meteorological variables inside each pen, in the external environment to the facilities, the physiological and behavioral responses of the animals were recorded. The behavior of the pigs was evaluated through images (640 × 480 pixels) obtained once a week, during 24 hours, during the entire experimental period. The images were analyzed at 10 min intervals. The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 3×3 factorial scheme, randomly distributed in nine pens, with three replications. Behavioral analysis was performed by determining the frequency of events of each behavior and determining the probability by the Chi-Square (X2) test. The data analysis used was multivariate, using the grouping method (tree diagram) and the principal components technique (PCA), to indicate the main predictors of pig ingestive behavior and the development of multiple linear regression models. The accumulated variance for, between PC1 and PC2, was higher than 69.70% in both stages of development. The analysis of hierarchical components (HCA) showed the relationship between the variables studied and the ingestive behavior, in addition, it allowed the characterization of the comfort of the animals to their respective treatments. The analysis of principal components evidenced the relationship between abiotic and biotic factors with the ingestive behavior of the animals, allowing to establish regression models using the variables that expressed greater influence with the ingestive behavior. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2022-02-23T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9121 Título: Uso de águas subterrâneas salobras do semiárido pernambucano para produção de coentro em sistema hidropônico NFT Autor: PESSOA, Uriel Calisto Moura Primeiro orientador: SILVA, Ênio Farias de França e Abstract: The use of hydroponics allowed the rational use of existing brackish water sources in the semi-arid region, thus allowing agricultural production to contribute to minimizing soil degradation. In this sense, the present work aimed to evaluate the influence of salinity and flow rates of application of the nutrient solution on the development of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) in an NFT (laminar flow technique of nutrients) hydroponic system, using different brackish waters. The research was conducted at the Agricultural Engineering Department of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (8 ° 01 '05' 'south latitude and 34 ° 56' 48 '' west longitude, with an average altitude of 6.5 m), months November 2019 to March 2020, in a completely randomized design, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications, totaling 64 experimental plots. The treatments consisted of four different levels of salinity, namely: 1.7; 3.0; 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1, with four flow rates of application of the nutrient solution (1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 L min-1); in experiment I - sodium water, NaCl was used in the preparation of the nutrient solution, using the treatments described, in order to test the technical feasibility of using this water, with the application rates of the solution. In the following cycles, experiment II and III, only the ionic nature of the nutrient solution was changed, the solution being prepared by adding CaCl2 in experiment II and NaCl; CaCl2; MgCl2 in a 2 : 1: 1 ratio, in experiment III, simulating brackish waters. Physiological and photosynthetic variables were evaluated in the context of gas exchange, aspects of growth and biomass production. Liquid photosynthesis was more sensitive to salinity when the plants were exposed to calcium and mixed water, with carotenoids being the photosynthetic pigment most sensitive to the increase in salinity of the nutrient solution. Reductions in the growth parameters of the crop, due to saline stress, make the commercialization of coriander unfeasible from the level 3.0 dS m-1, due to the deleterious effects observed in the leaves. Increasing the flow to levels greater than 2 L min-1 is not recommended when using brackish water to prepare the nutrient solution. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and when a significant effect was found to the regression analysis and the Tukey test at 5% probability. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-10-30T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9120 Título: Avaliação experimental e numérica da adequação e disponibilidade de águas subterrâneas aluviais e de reuso para fins agrícolas no semiárido Autor: ALMEIDA, Thayná Alice Brito Primeiro orientador: MONTENEGRO, Abelardo Antônio de Assunção Abstract: The productive coexistence with water scarcity is a growing challenge, particularly in the semiarid regions, either due to limitations in the quantity or quality of available water. This Dissertation aims to analyze the quantitative and qualitative availability of water resources in the semiarid region, within the context of climate change, and to evaluate the potential and suitability of alternative sources of water for agricultural purposes. Two alternative water sources are investigated in this study: waters from alluvial aquifers, often with moderate to high levels of salts, and waters from treated domestic effluents, which can also cause salts accumulation in the soil and in the environment. Temporal stability for piezometry and salinity was investigated using the Relative Differences Method, based on a monitoring network of piezometers and wells in the alluvial valley of the Mimoso rivulet Basin, Alto Ipanema sub- basin, located in Pesqueira-PE. Trend analysis of potentiometry, salinity and exploitation of groundwater and climatic variables in the region were analyzed by the Mann-Kendall method, and the magnitudes by the Sen’s Slope test, for the period from 2000 to 2020. Spatial variability patterns of electrical conductivity and the sodium adsorption ratio of groundwater, over time, were identified through geostatistics, as well as the suitability for irrigation by means of an indicator variable. The geostatistical technique was also used to evaluate the spatial variability of soil and plant attributes in experimental plots cultivated with corn irrigated with treated domestic effluent and application of sewage sludge in the experimental pilot reuse unit in Pesqueira. It was possible to verify the occurrence of temporal stability for the potentiometric level only. Increasing trends for evapotranspiration (5.74 mm.year-1), exploitation (4450 m3.year-1), mean temperature (0.09 ° C.year-1) and decreasing trends for precipitation (-126 mm. Year-1) and for water level in the aquifer (-0.074 m.year-1). Evaluation of water quality and the mapping of indicator variables allowed the identification of suitable and unsuitable areas for agricultural use, with percentages ranging from 81.4 to 93.7% and 6.3 to 20.5%, respectively, over time. Such variations are linked to the agricultural use of the soil and those correlated to the natural characteristics of the aquifer, supporting decisions about when and where to irrigate. Besides that, the use of treated wastewater for agricultural crops represents an important alternative for the enhancement and maintenance of irrigated agriculture in the semiarid region, providing greater plant growth, and increasing soil moisture and soil organic matter content. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-10-19T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9119 Título: Balanço hídrico e caracterização da qualidade da água pluvial proveniente de um telhado verde em Recife/PE Autor: SANTANA, Taize Calvacante Primeiro orientador: GUISELINI, Cristiane Abstract: Green roofs have been gaining prominence worldwide due to a series of benefits linked to their use, among them the management of rainwater has been the subject of many studies. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the quantity and quality of water drained from a green roof for non-drinking purposes. The research was carried out at Edifício Garagem do Empresarial Charles Darwin, Recife / PE (latitude -8.05º, longitude -34.95º). An automatic meteorological station was installed on the building's slab, for recording meteorological data, during the experimental period. The water balance was calculated by quantifying the water inlets and outlets on the roof. Three treatments were evaluated, rainwater, irrigation water and water drained by the green roof and the average values of the water quality parameters were compared with the reference values of the NBR 15527/2007 standard and by the Brazilian ordinance (MS) 2914/2011. The results obtained showed that the average annual retention promoted by the green roof substrate varied from 7 to 9% and that the association of a reservoir increased this variation for retentions above 80% of the total annual incident, a fact that shows the potential of green roofs in mitigating urban flooding. The evaluated treatments (rainwater, irrigation and drainage), did not meet the standards established by the Brazilian ordinance (MS) 2914/2011 and partially met the NBR 15527/2007. However, this water has great potential for use for non-potable uses in addition to being an important alternative for reducing the consumption of water from public supply. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-10-20T00:00:00Z