http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4312 2025-09-27T04:10:42Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9772 Título: Caracterização morfoagronômica, divergência genética e estimativas de parâmetros genéticos em acessos de pimenteiras ornamentais Autor: SILVA, Jackson da Primeiro orientador: CARVALHO FILHO, José Luiz Sandes de Abstract: Ornamental pepper plants have been gaining ground in the ornamental segment, especially in the market for plants grown in pots. However, despite its importance, the national market has few cultivars developed specifically for the ornamental segment. To develop a new cultivar, one of the steps is the characterization of accessions to identify genotypes that present desirable characteristics. Furthermore, knowledge of the genetic divergence of accessions allows breeders to use important information to obtain new cultivars. Given the above, the objective of this research was to carry out the morphoagronomic characterization, estimate the genetic diversity and genetic parameters of ornamental pepper accessions. The experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions belonging to the Pernambuco Agronomic Institute (IPA), located in Recife. 20 accessions of ornamental pepper plants were used, belonging to the IPA Capsicum germplasm bank, they are: 403, 404, 407, 408, 410, 411, 414.1, 414.2, 416, 423, 424, 429, 431, 435, 436, 439, 442, 443, Canudos and IFV. After analysis, it was found that accessions 404, 408, 410 and 423 meet the plant height standard (ATP) recommended by the market. For the characteristics related to the color of the fruits, which attract a lot of attention from consumers, the color of the immature fruit (CIM) and the color of the mature fruit (CMD) accessions 408 and IFV presented lilac/brown/green (mixture of colors) and dark red colors, respectively, in addition to having more compact architecture. In the UPGMA method, 3 groups were formed, in which 2 groups were formed by 18 accesses. In the principal components analysis, the accumulated variance up to the seventh component reached 83.99%. The characterization of ornamental pepper accessions exposed a wide genetic variability among the accessions studied, indicating that there are promising accesses for the consumer market. The analysis of genetic divergence, considering quantitative and qualitative characteristics, quantified the genetic distances between groups, possible crosses for the development of new cultivars are being observed. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese 2023-11-22T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9527 Título: Desenvolvimento e produtividade de hastes florais Heliconia spp. cultivadas a pleno sol Autor: PIRES, Igor Leonardo Barbosa Primeiro orientador: LOGES, Vivian Abstract: The genus Heliconia, belonging to the Heliconiaceae family, has approximately 250 species distributed predominantly from southern Brazil to northern Mexico. The genus has great potential for commercialization as cut flowers and a great morphological diversity to be explored in floriculture. The objective of this work was to follow the development and productivity of Heliconia spp. cultivated in full sun conditions of the Zona da Mata of the state of Pernambuco for indication of superior genotypes for cultivation and improvement programs. The data used are from an experiment carried out between December 2003 and August 2006, at the Helicônia Germplasm Active Bank of the Federal Rural University of the State of Pernambuco (BAGH - UFRPE), with a randomized block design consisting of 16 genotypes, four replications each. The genotypes were evaluated weekly, during 31 months, for the following characteristics: Days for inflorescence emission (DEI); Days to flower stem harvest (DCH); Total cycle (CYCLE); Number of leaves on flowering stem (NFH); Number of flower stems produced (N) per genotype; Number of flower stems harvested/month/clump (HPC); Flower stem fresh mass (FM); Flower stem diameter 20 cm below the inflorescence (DH); Flower stem length (CH); Inflorescence length (CI). To evaluate the results, the genotypes were grouped into small, medium and large sizes, and the data collected for the cited characters were analyzed monthly in a descriptive way. The average number of stems harvest/month/clump (NHM) was grouped into two cycles: 1st Cycle - 8 to 19 months after planting; and 2nd Cycle - 20 to 31 months after planting. With these data, statistical analyzes were carried out and the production of floral stems per hectare per year (PHF ha-1/year) was estimated in each cycle. For this purpose, an ANAVA was performed and the means were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability, and were carried out in the treatments with four replications. The results of the descriptive analysis demonstrate that the evaluated genotypes present qualitative characteristics to be used as cut flowers, however they present differences regarding the cycle and production of floral stems that must be taken into account for the indication for use in floriculture. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the small and large genotypes for the number of stems harvest/month/clump in the 1st and 2nd cycle. For the small genotypes, a downward tendency in the production of flower stems was observed from June to August, the rainiest period in the region. For the small genotypes, H. psittacorum x H. spathocircinata cv. Golden Torch was the most productive, with 126 and 204 stems harvested/clump in the 1st and 2nd cycle, respectively. Among the medium-sized genotypes, H. latispatha cultivars showed seasonality, with a marked reduction in stem production from September to November, cv. Red Yellow Gyro producing only 0.67 stem and cv. Distans 5.25 stems per clump in October 2005. The number of stems harvested/clump in the 1st and 2nd cycle did not differ from each other and were, respectively, 39 and 57 for cv. Red Yellow Gyro and 61 and 80 for cv. Distans. Regarding the large genotypes, most of these showed seasonality in different periods throughout the year. H. bihai was the only genotype to show production throughout the year and the highest productivity per clump/year, with 33 and 60 stems harvested/clump in the 1st and 2nd cycle, respectively. These results are important to indicate the best species to be cultivated in full sun conditions in the Zona da Mata of the State of Pernambuco, as well as for the selection of superior parents to indicate appropriate crossings. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2023-08-31T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9526 Título: Caracterização e seleção de acessos de Paspalum quanto à resiliência ao cultivo em telhados verdes extensivos Autor: PAES, Roberta Maria Ferreira Primeiro orientador: LOGES, Vivian Abstract: The use of vegetation cover on green roofs contributes to the formation of micro-ecosystems in the urban environment, increasing the green area. However, the selection of plants suitable for use on green roofs represents the most critical factor for their performance. Research with grasses of the Paspalum genus for green roofs and other purposes of use, has contributed to the enhancement of the genetic potential of native plants. This study aimed to characterize and select accessions of Paspalum spp. for use on extensive green roofs, based on characteristics of ecological and aesthetic features, in addition to using phenotyping techniques in the characterization of native grasses for use on green roofs. Simulating a green roof condition, the experiment was carried out from May 2018 to June 2019, at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - UFRPE, Recife. The 16 genetic materials provided by EMBRAPA Pecuária Sudeste and used in this work were: P. notatum (PNO1, PNO2, PNO3, PNO5, PNO6 and PNO7); Paspalum sp. (CE2, CE5 and CE9); P. compressifolium (PCO1, PCO2 and PCO3); P. rhodopedum (PRH1 and PRH2); P. ionanthum (PIO1); P. rojasii (PRO1). Considering the rusticity and resilience conditions evaluated, the plants were grown in 7 cm deep trays and filled with low fertility soil. The evaluated characteristics were: growth height (Alt-cm); setting rate (TAP -%) at 30 days after planting - DAP; persistence rate (TPER -%) at 180 DAP; covering capacity (CC -%) and fresh and dry shoot biomass (BFPA and BSPA - g / plant), roots and rhizomes (BFR, BSR and BFRZ, BSRZ - g / plant). The accessions of prostrate growth PNO1, PNO5 and CE5, and that of upright growth (tuft) PIO1 showed better suitability of use for extensive green roofs, with good establishment, good coverage capacity, reduced vertical growth, low maintenance and good tolerance. the depth of 7cm. This shows the resistance and rusticity of the same to the adverse conditions of the environment in the absence of nutritional support, as well as the good speed of recovery of these accessions in the period that the nutritional support was offered emphasizing the resilience of this genus. Regarding the techniques, the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index - SAVI, thermometry - TM and thermography - TG. The relationship between SAVI and the coverage area showed a coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.84), with green matter (R2 = 0.73), with dry matter (R2 = 0.56). Thermography and thermometry provided measurement of leaf temperature and canopy showing no significant difference between the accessions for leaf temperature (TMF and TGF) and for canopy thermometry (TMD), whereas for canopy thermography - TGD there was a significant difference, with accesses of upright growth showed lower canopy temperatures than those of low growth. The relationship between the techniques showed high values of determination coefficient (R2 = 0.85) between TMF and TGF and (R2 = 0.91) between TMD and TGD. Given the above, the SAVI index can be used to estimate the coverage capacity (CC), identify how much of this coverage is green matter (MV%) and how much is dry matter (MS%). Leaf and canopy temperatures can be used as an indication of water deficit in Paspalum accesses, using both the infrared thermometer (more accessible) and the thermographic camera. Canopy thermography - TGD can also be used to evaluate the thermal performance of green roofs. Thermographic images indicated that Paspalum accessions of erect growth (tuff) may possibly provide better thermal comfort. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2020-10-20T00:00:00Z http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9525 Título: Análise do uso de testes de comparações múltiplas em estudos publicados em periódicos de alto impacto - Melhoramento genético de plantas Autor: ARAÚJO, José Lucas de Primeiro orientador: SILVA, José Wilson da Abstract: The statistics applied to genetic improvement and agricultural experiments is configured as a key tool to achieve effective results, enabling the estimation of experimental error, in addition to validating the importance of analytical contrasts. With that, the objective was to identify the correct application of tests of comparison of averages in studies focused on the genetic improvement of plants deposited in high impact journals, favoring reliable results in research that uses this type of analysis. To achieve the objectives, the methodology was given by a bibliographic research of a transversal approach through publications of articles in high impact journals between the years 2016 and 2021, which used in their methodologies the test of comparison of means, being used as descriptors: statistics, genetic improvement and data interpretation. After collection, 60 articles were selected, being submitted to a first classification, according to the use or not of some type of test to compare means. Those who used this procedure were later grouped according to their application, being classified according to the criteria employed by Bertoldo et al. (2008), in: i) adequate; ii) partially adequate and iii) inadequate. With this, it can be concluded that the main aspects that directly affect the reliability of the researcher's interpretation of results are: i) assumptions that do not take into account different statistical tests, ii) preliminary knowledge about the type of factors and iii) Inconsistencies in the selection of statistical tests that may lead to incomplete and/or inappropriate conclusions. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2022-06-17T00:00:00Z