http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4313 2025-10-01T08:26:39Z 2025-10-01T08:26:39Z MONTEIRO, Fernanda Kalina da Silva http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9759 2025-01-07T12:10:31Z 2022-08-26T00:00:00Z

Título: Revisão taxonômica dos gêneros Dyschoriste Nees e Hygrophila R.Br. (Ruellieae – Acanthaceae) para o Brasil Autor: MONTEIRO, Fernanda Kalina da Silva Primeiro orientador: MELO, José Iranildo Miranda de Abstract: Ruellieae (Acanthaceae) is distributed in the pantropical region, with Brazil as one of the main centers of diversity in the New World, followed by Mexico and Peru. In Flora of Brazil it is represented by 120 species and nine genera, Dyschoriste, belonging to the subtribe Petalidiinae, and Hygrophila, to the subtribe Hygrophilinae, the least studied in the country. Studies developed in the last decades based on morphological and molecular data have been fundamental to clarify its infrafamilial relationships. Thus, studies that aim to assist in the knowledge of the taxonomy and systematics of Ruellieae in Brazil are of great importance, given that there are still gaps in the characterization of the Brazilian Dyschoriste and Hygrophila. In this context, the aim of this work was to carry out a revisional study of the genera Dyschoriste and Hygrophila for Brazil, one of its main centers of diversity, from the combination of morphological and palynological data, aiming to contribute to a better understanding of the relationships between the species of each of these genera, detecting the characteristics for solving taxonomic problems of its species. In addition, to knowing and updating their geographic distribution in the country. As a result, six chapters are presented in this thesis. The first chapter deals with nomenclatural updates in Dyschoriste and Hygrophila, with two lectotypifications, three new synonyms and the proposition of a new name. The second chapter reveals two new species of Dyschoriste for the Brazilian Northeastern, with detailed descriptions of these two taxa, as well as an identification key, illustrations of diagnostic characteristics, maps of geographic distribution and information on conservation status. In chapter 3, we present two new occurrences for the Northeastern region of Brazil and two lectotypifications for the genus Dyschoriste. Chapter 4 deals with the characterization of the pollen morphology of 11 species of Dyschoriste (seven) and Hygrophila (four) in search of characteristics with taxonomic value. Based on the evaluation of several palynological characteristics, together with data on the external morphology of branches, leaves and flowers, a new combination was proposed for a species of Dyschoriste, which was included in the genus Hygrophila. Chapter 5 presents the taxonomic revision of the genus Dyschoriste, in which 13 species were recognized, eight of which are endemic to Brazil. Additionally, descriptions, comments regarding their geographic distributions are provided, including maps, conservation status, flowering and fruiting period, illustrations and photographs and an identification key. In chapter 6 we present the taxonomic revision of the genus Hygrophila, with five species being recognized, three of which are endemic to Brazil. In addition, three lectotypifications and a new synonym are proposed. Additionally, descriptions, comments regarding their geographic distributions are provided, including maps, conservation status, flowering and fruiting period, illustrations and photographs, in addition to an identification key. The results obtained in this research revealed important external and internal morphological characteristics in the separation and recognition of both Dyschoriste and Hygrophila species, in addition to providing updates on flowering, fruiting, conservation status and geographic distribution data for both genera. We hope that our results will contribute to the understanding of the systematic relationships between the groups included in Ruellieae tribe and the Acanthaceae family as a whole. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese

2022-08-26T00:00:00Z LIMA, Tainá Lacerda Gomes http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8805 2023-01-05T16:16:11Z 2020-02-20T00:00:00Z

Título: Flora de Pernambuco (Brasil): Lythraceae J. St.-Hil. Autor: LIMA, Tainá Lacerda Gomes Primeiro orientador: VITAL, Maria Teresa Aureliano Buril Abstract: Lythraceae is comprised in Myrtales as sister group of Onagraceae. Lythraceae comprises about 30 genera and 600 species being widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. In Brazil, 11 genera and 216 species are recognized, with 160 endemic. The Northeast region is the third with the highest recorded richness (57 spp. in 7 genera). In Pernambuco four genera and 16 species are found, representing the second richest state of the region. Despite the family's representativeness for the region, there is a lack of studies about the family, compromising the knowledge related to the taxonomic richness and geographical distribution of its species. This work aimed to perform the taxonomic study of Lythraceae species occurring in Pernambuco (Brazil). For this, field expeditions and analysis of the materials from CEN, HESBRA, HST, HTSA, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA, JPB, PEUFR and UFP herbaria between 2018 and 2020 were conducted. Were recognized 12 species and five genera ( Ammannia L., Cuphea P. Br., Lafoensia Vand., Pleurophora D. Don. and Rotala L.). The species found predominate in Caatinga environments in the state. Complete morphological descriptions, an identification key, phenological period information, geographical distribution, taxonomic notes, photographs and illustrations of the diagnostic characters are presented. The morphological characters relevant to the identification of the species are: branch indumentum; leaf insertion and phyllotaxy, blade, base and apex shapes, indumentum type and venation; inflorescence type and position, presence or absence of bracteoles; presence or absence of spur, as well as the shape of this structure; presence or absence of petals, as well as their color and size. Also presented is the article entitled “Flora of Usina São José, Igarassu, Pernambuco (Brazil): Lythraceae J. St.-Hil. and Onagraceae Juss.”, which is about the families in the Atlantic Forest fragments of Usina São José, Pernambuco, which undergo anthropic actions, resulting in implications for conservation. The taxonomic treatment identified six species and three genera, Cuphea , Rotala (Lythraceae) and Ludwigia L. (Onagraceae). Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne is a new record for Brazil. The characters considered for the delimitation of the species were: phyllotaxy, branch indumentum, leaf shape and indumentum, petal color and apex, capsule shape, seed arrangement and raphe size. Results of these works provide subsidies for understanding the ecological importance of these species, in addition to helping to reduce the taxonomic impediment and serve as a basis for future studies of evolution, ecology and conservation of Brazilian flora. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2020-02-20T00:00:00Z NASCIMENTO FILHO, Silvano Lima do http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8804 2023-05-26T13:15:02Z 2021-08-20T00:00:00Z

Título: Efeitos da arquitetura das macrófitas e dos macroinvertebrados sobre a estrutura de algas epifíticas em um reservatório tropical Autor: NASCIMENTO FILHO, Silvano Lima do Primeiro orientador: MOURA, Ariadne do Nascimento Abstract: This thesis aims to understand the factors that influence the structure of periphytic algae and macroinvertebrate communities in a tropical reservoir, considering the functional characteristics and beta diversity of periphytic algae species, in addition to understanding the top-down effects exerted by fish on periphytic algae and macroinvertebrates in continental aquatic ecosystems. The study was carried out at five different points in the Jazigo reservoir, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil. A quarterly monitoring was carried out, between the years 2017 to 2018 (n = 4), to understand the role of limnological and biotic variables (structural complexity of macrophytes) on the structure and functional characteristics of periphytic algae communities and macroinvertebrate structure. The effects of environmental filters on the beta diversity of periphytic algae, and an in situ experiment to evaluate fish on the biomass of periphytic algae, macroinvertebrates and macrophytes. The structural attributes (wealth, biomass, abundance and diversity) of periphytic algae and macroinvertebrates were driven by the morphological complexity of macrophytes. RLQ analysis showed that loosely adhered and entangled species were positively correlated with light intensity and dissolved oxygen; prostrate species correlated positively with macrophytes of medium structural complexity. Colonial species correlated positively with nitrate, ammonia, dissolved inorganic nitrogen and macrophytes with low complexity; while unicellular species, heterotricomas and filamentous ones correlated positively with conductivity, temperature and macrophytes with high structural complexity. These effects were also observed on the beta diversity of periphytic algae. Alpha and beta diversity were higher in macrophytes with greater morphological complexity. Furthermore, the presence of different species of macrophytes contributed to the increase in richness and beta diversity of periphytic algae. Substitution was the determining component of the beta diversity of periphytic algae and was greater in macrophytes of greater morphological complexity, Eichhornia crassipes and Ludwigia helminthorrhiza. This component has a strong relationship with complex habitats. Furthermore, the beta diversity of periphytic algae was driven mainly by physical (51.34%) and chemical (31.14%) variables, and by macroinvertebrates (4.21%). Redundancy analysis explained 65% of the distribution of periphytic algae with environmental filters (physical, chemical and biological) Dissolved inorganic nitrogen, macrophyte morphological complexity, temperature, macroinvertebrate abundance, light intensity and dissolved oxygen were important to explain beta diversity of periphytic algae. Therefore, physical and chemical factors act as environmental filters on periphytic algae. The top-down effect exerted by fish on macroinvertebrates showed the efficiency of the manipulation of omnivorous fish in controlling the biomass of macroinvertebrates and indirectly the biomass of periphytic algae and macrophytes in a tropical reservoir. After 30 days, all treatments with the addition of omnivorous fish showed a reduction in macroinvertebrate biomass and an increase in periphytic algae biomass. In the treatment without the addition of fish and only in the presence of macroinvertebrates, the biomass of periphytic algae reduced and the biomass of macrophytes increased throughout the experiment. This thesis contributes to the understanding of the role of limnological and macrophyte variables with different morphological complexities on the structure of the periphytic algae and macroinvertebrate community. Environmental filters have shown to play a fundamental role on the beta diversity of periphytic algae and the importance of the presence of macrophytes for increasing habitat heterogeneity and consequent availability of niches and microhabitats for aquatic biodiversity. Finally, we observed that omnivorous fish can directly control the biomass of macroinvertebrates and indirectly the biomass of periphytic algae and macrophytes. Thus, new control strategies can be developed that can improve the efficiency of ecosystem functioning and conservation of aquatic biodiversity in tropical reservoirs. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Tese

2021-08-20T00:00:00Z VENTURA, Sara Pacheco http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8803 2023-01-05T14:23:41Z 2020-02-21T00:00:00Z

Título: Alterações no uso da paisagem e seus efeitos sobre sistemas médicos locais no semiárido Autor: VENTURA, Sara Pacheco Primeiro orientador: ALBUQUERQUE, Ulysses Paulino de Abstract: The fragmentation and modification of ecosystems has been recognized as one of the most serious threats to biodiversity. Understanding how tropical biotas respond to human pressures, including environmental changes, is a scientific challenge of global relevance and an urgent task. The environmental history linked to the management of land use, with activities with wide impact such as forestry, agriculture, livestock and modifications of natural disturbance regimes (such as fire), shape the conditions of ecosystem landscapes over time. The landscape, in an ethnobiological perspective, will be the result of the interaction of the human being, the culture and the ecosystem, and it is important to understand how its management has compromised the diversity and use of therapeutic resources, and how this process has contributed with what will be selected for cultural resource use systems, these elements shaping the ecological scenario of resource availability. The management of the natural landscape for different forms of local practices can modify natural landscapes and alter the selective forces that act on the plant resources used. Management alters the richness and diversity of plant species primarily, which consequently can alter the diversity of available resources, and these actions can be better seen when looking at their expressions in socio-ecological systems, such as local medical systems. Instituição: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2020-02-21T00:00:00Z